Telegraph-repeater



(No Model.)

A. D. P. WEAVER. TELBGRAPH RBPEATBR.

Patented July 3, 1894.

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f 1 v M UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEe ALFRED DEE PINCKNEY WEAVER, OF JACKSON, MISSISSIPPI.

TELEG RAPH-REPEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 522,500, dated July 3, 1894,

v Application filed December 26,1893. Serial No. 494,923. (No niudel.)VV I To a/ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED DEE PINCKNEY WEAVER, of Jackson, in the county of I-Iinds and State of Mississippi, have invented a new and useful Improvementin Telegraphic Repeaters, of which the following is a specification.

MyinventionA relates to telegraphic repeaters, orv instruments used to cause a message coming over one line to be repeated or transmitted over another line without the aid of an A intermediate operator.

The object is to cheapen and simplify the instrument, to reduce the number of connections, to enable it to be more easily understood by inexperienced operators, to economize the local batteries, to reduce its liability to fail in operation, and to avoid the mutilation of signals. t

To these ends it consists in the peculiar construction and arrangement of the parts ofA the instrument, and of the circuits, and their connections, which I will now proceed to more fully describe with reference to the drawing, in which the figure shows a diagrammatic illustration of the instrument, its circuits, and' alarm bell, at the intermediate station.

Assuming that this instrument is located at Washington, and is designed to take messages coming from New Orleans, and to repeat them `over the line extending from Washington to New York, the main wire coming from New Orleansenters the instrument at the upper left hand corner, and is grounded at Washingtony at the lower right hand corner of the diagram, and the connection for New York is made at the upper right hand corner of the instrument, and is grounded at Washington at the lower left hand corner ot' the diagram.

The two instruments 'shown at the upper corners ofthe diagram are exactly alike, and are located at Washington. The two instruments at the lower corners are also exactly alike and are also located at Washington, while the instrument in themiddle is the bell alarm, which is also located at WVashington. This bell alarm and its circuits, while animportant adjunct to my system, may be dispensed with without affecting themain or fundamental principle of my system, as will be explained farther along.

The kmain battery which works the linebetween New Orleans and Washington is shown in two sections, one half of which is in New Orleans shown at Aat the upper left hand corner, and the other half ot which is shown at-T2 at the lowerv right hand corner at the Washington end. The mainy line battery whichy works the line from Washington to New York is also in two sections, one half of which is shown at the upper right hand corner at A2, which is in New York, and-the other vhalf at the lower left hand corner at T which is in Washington.

For the present the description ot the central apparatusor bell alarm will be held 1n abeyance, and as the two sides of the instrument are symmetrically constructed and arranged, the description of one side will suffice forboth. B is an armature lever fulcrumed at t and bearing armatures that play upon the poles of'magnets G and I-I. These armatures are drawn up or away fromlthe magnets by a spiral spring L, and a non-conducting block O N on its opposite end strikes against the bottom of a set screw F held in the part E3 of the frame E, which frame also has a lower leg E2. C is a flat springheld on the frame E in insulated relation thereto and parallel to l'eg E2 by a non-conducting block D, and having a contact face on top that makes connection with the screw b', and another on its bottom that makes'connection with the lower leg E2 of the frame.. The lowerpart of the instrument consists'of a magnet I in the main line circuit between W'ashington and New York, and another 12 in the mainline circuit between Washington and New Orleans. One of these magnets acts upon armature J to close the circuit of local'battery M through magnet G, and the other I2 acts upon armature J2 to close the circuit of local battery M2 through magnet G2. N. and N2 are other local batteries, the former of which controls the magnet H and the alarm bell magnet `P, and the other N2 of which-controls the IOO When the main lines from New Orleans to Washington, and YVashington to New York are in condition for operation they are normally closed, and the armature levers B and B2 are not up, as shown, but are held down by their subjacent magnets, and the screws 1)' and b2 rest respectively upon their springs C and C2. The main line current from New Orleans to lVashington then flows from A to T2 and the earth at Vashington, over the t'ollowing path A B b O Y X j j I2 T2. This energizes magnet I2, and through armature J2 closes the circuit of local battery M2 th rough f f, g g M2 magnet G2 and h 7L, causing the magnet G2 to attract armature lever B2. So also the current from Washington to New York passes from A2 to T and the earth at Washington, through B2, b2, C2, Y2, X2, I, and T, and this energizing magnetlcausesit t0 attract armature J and close the local circuit of battery M through a, a, b b, magnet G, battery M, and wires d d, e e, causing magnet G to attract armature B.

The magnets I-I and I-l2 which are operated by the local batteries N and N2, have their circuits completed through wires c c, c c', and' bell magnet l? on one side, and through c2 c2, c2 c3, and bell magnet P2 on the other side. The magnet Il of one side is, however, cut out by a shunt circuit U, V, X2, Y2, C2, E, Z2, Z4 P and O controlled by the other instrument, while magnet H2 is cut out by a shunt circuit U2, V2, X', Y', C, E2, Z, Z2, P2 and O2 controlled by the first instrument.

When the armature lever B or B2 of either instrument is attracted, its screw b' or b2, tirst establishes the main line circuit to the earth, and then when either spring (l or C2 descends farther in the last part of the movement it establishes the shunt circuit for the other instrument, cutting out its magnet II or 112.

Now assuming that both main lines are closed, and an operator at New Orleans should open his key the following is the ac tion of the repeater. The main circuit from A to T2 is closed through the screw b', and the iirst action is to release armature J2 of relay I2 thus opening the local circuit t' ,f,f, g g, M2, G2, 71, 7L. This releases armature B2, which is raised by the force of spring L2. The first thing done by the ascent of this armature isl to remove the shunt or short circuit U V X2 Y2 from battery N, by the opening of the shunt circuit between G2 and E, thus allowing the current from battery N to flow through c c and c c and the coil Il of the opposite sounder, and keeping the armature B closed, so it will not repeat back the signal on the wire to New Orleans. As the arma ture lever B2 continues on its upward course the main wire to New York is finally opened at b2 between B2 and C2, thus opening relayI and demagnctizing coil Gof the other instru ment. Vere the armature B not held closed by the coil ll (by the removal of the shunt from the battery N) that armature would be released also and the result would be a false kick back into the line to New Orleans. Hence the signal on the wire from New 0rleans is transmitted Ato the other line to New York automatically.

It now the operator at New Orleans should `close the key, which has just been opened,

the action is as follows. The mainline from New Orleans to Washington (or from A to T2) is closed, and this closes relay I2 and energzes coil G2 and the armature B2 is attracted by said coil. The first thing done as the ar mature B2 descends is to close the main wire between New York and Washington at b2, C2, Y2, which closes relay I and causes coil G to attract armature B, which is already h eld closed bythe current from battery N owlng through coil ll. The next thing done by the descending armature B2 is to short circuit the battery N out ot coil II by closing the circuit between C2 E6 thereby leaving armature B 1n a condition to be worked by relay I and battery M through coil G.

It will be seen that the action of the transmitting device on the sounders is such that when armature B2 ascends it allows battery N to iiow through I coil Il of the opposite sounder before it opens the coil G and battery M by the main line releasing armature J ot relay I; and when the armature B2 desends it closes coil G and battery M of the opposite sounder by the main line closing relay l before it shunts battery N out of `coil ll. The eiizcctof all this is to keep sounder armature B closed no matter what may be the position of armature B2.

It will be seen that both magnets G and ll are sounder magnets, both are worked by local batteries, and both are arranged upon the same side of the armature lever` B, and also upon the same side of the fulcrum of said lever. This enables me to construct the instrument much more cheaply and compactly, being but little more in height than that of the magnets themselves, and gives such exposure of the working parts of the in strument as to make them easy of access for inspection and adjustment.

I will now describe the action of the alarm attachment shown in the central part of the figure.

As the extra local batteries N and N2 are never opened when the apparatus is used as a repeater, an alarm apparatus is provided to give notice by ringing an electric bell whenever either of the batteries N N2 is opened, or when either or both are weakened to a degree that would impair their efficiency for the purpose intended.

P and P2 are electro magnets arranged respectively in the circuits of the extra local batteries N and N2, and both acting upon the armature Y M, which closes abell circuit from battery S U through the alarm bell R and switch Q. The springS on armature Y M is given such a tension that the strength of only one of the batteries N N2, or the combined strength of both when weakened, is insuf- IOO IIO

come the resistance of springs VS and keepV said armature attracted.

It is obvious that the strength of the currents iowing through coils P P2 is subject to fluctuation, causedby the introduction and the taking out of circuits, the coils H H2 by `the movements ot' armature B B2, but the spring S is given such a tension as Vto nullify these luctuations. It the armature Y M be attracted by the combined force of batteriesl N N2, and one of said batteries be removed, o r the force of either one or the two materially weakened, then the remaining force of the battery is not sufficient-to hold armature Y M, and it is in consequence released, thus closing the bell circuit and causing the bell tov ring from the battery S U. This battery maybe a single cell of some good dry open circuit battery not subject to any great change for a considerable time. `The magnetsP P2 y are connected with each other at the back by a piece of any non-magnetic metal, so as to prevent the effects of no force caused bythe battery circuits N N2 being passed around them in opposite directions.

U It is not necessary to trace the effects of the lnstrument when repeating in the opposite direction as the action is precisely the same as that already described.

TQ operate the right or left hand half of the instrument separately as when it is not desired ,to repeat, aV switch y and 'y2 and shunt circuit, show n in dotted lines, is made to permanently connect B to ground through X', and B2 to ground through X2.

When the instrument is not used as a repeater but its halves are separately and independently operated these switches are closed. Thel switches Oand O2 are also opened to prevent batteries N and N2 and coils I-I and H2 from interfering with the movement of the v `sounder armature B and B2, and the switch Q of the bell alarm circuit is also opened to prevent the bell from ringing.

The nature of the contact points b C E2 and b2 C2 E6 are simply those of circuit preserving contacts, which I am aware are old and-have heretofore been used, and I there'- fore do not claim them broadly, nor do I on the other hand confine my invention to their specilic form. I am also awarethat the relays I and I2 and the electric bell R are also in themselves old features, and I make no separate claim to these broadly, but

What I claim, and desire' to secure by Let- Yters Patent, is-

1. A telegraphic repeater comprising a sounder consisting of the combination of an armature lever B, two independent sets of electro magnets G H both arranged upon the same side of the fulcrum of said armature lever and both in local circuits, one local circuit having a relay in the main line circuit, and the other local circuit having a shunt through the other half of the repeater substantially as shown and described.

2. A telegraphic'repeater comprising a sounder consisting of the combination of an armature lever B, two independent setsV of electro magnets G H botharranged upon the` same side of the fulcrumof said armature lelver and both in local circuits, a frame E2, and a spring contact C combined with and interposed between the armature lever B and frame E2, and the circuits and batteries arranged substantially as shown and described.

3. A telegraphic repeater, comprising a sounder consisting of the combination of an armature lever B, two independent sets of electro magnets G H, both arranged upon the same side of the fulcrum of said armature lever, and both in local circuits, one local circuit having a relay in the main line, and the other local circuit having a shunt through the other half of the repeater, and also an electro magnet P, and a bell circuit and armature key for said bell circuit held open by said electro magnet P in the normal working strength of the circuit actuating magnet H, and arranged to close the bell circuit when the circuit of magnet H is weakened substantially as shown and described.

4. A telegraph repeater consisting of -two symmetricallycontrolled and arrangedhalves, each consisting of an armature lever with two magnets G and H operating upon the Vsame side of its fulcrum, one of said magnets being ina local circuit having a closing relay arranged inthe :nain line of the opposite half of the instrument, and the other magnet being in an extra local circuit having a shunt, which shunt aswell as the main circuit of the second line are controlled by the armature lever and contacts of the other half of the instrument, a pair of magnets P and P2 sepabe closed to sound an alarm when the armature key is released by the weakening orfallure of either or both the batteries of the extra local circuits, substantially as shown and described.

5. In a telegraph repeater, the combination with the two extra local circuits for the two halves of the instrument; of two independent magnets P and P2 arranged respectively in IIO aseparate bell circuit and bell arranged tol the two extra local circuits, a single armature key Y M held by the combined force of both these magnets, a bell R, and bell circuit arranged to be closed by the armature key from the weakening or failure of either or both of the batteries of the local circuits, substan tially as and for the purpose described.

ALFRED DEE IINCKNEY WEAVER. Witnesses: i

EDWD. W. BYRN, J. MIDDLn'roN. 

